How to Find Fertility Treatment Options for Both Men and Women?

If you are reading this article, chances are that your doctor has told you that it’s time to start looking at other options when it comes to trying to conceive a child.

And chances are, you are not alone.

Many women are willing to take a risk and explore the possibility of trying a new fertility treatment method, especially when they have tried everything else, and it doesn’t work.

Infertility is defined as a woman under 35 who has been having unprotected sex for 1 year or more without becoming pregnant, or a woman over 35 who has been having unprotected sex for 6 months with the same result.

According to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), the number of women in this age group that have had at least one sexual encounter without becoming pregnant is about 17 percent.

The problem isn’t always on the woman’s end, however. Men have fertility issues of their own, including weak sperm or low sperm count.

Here, I am going to explore some of the most popular fertility treatment options for both men and women, and try to find the most effective and safe.

What are the Causes of Infertility in Couples?

Infertility can affect couples for various reasons, and the causes are not always specific to one gender. Here are some common causes of infertility that can affect both partners:

  1. Age: Advanced age can decrease fertility in both men and women. As individuals age, the quantity and quality of eggs and sperm decline, making it more difficult to conceive.
  2. Hormonal Imbalances: Hormonal imbalances can disrupt ovulation in women or affect sperm production in men, leading to infertility. Factors such as stress, obesity, thyroid disorders, and certain medical conditions can contribute to hormonal imbalances.
  3. Lifestyle Factors: Unhealthy lifestyle habits such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, and poor diet can negatively impact fertility in both partners. These habits can affect hormone levels, sperm quality, and egg health, reducing the likelihood of conception.
  4. Underlying Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions can interfere with fertility in both men and women. Examples include polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, and cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
  5. Sexual Dysfunction: Sexual dysfunction or difficulties with sexual intercourse can hinder conception. Issues such as erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and pain during intercourse can make it challenging for couples to conceive naturally.
  6. Genetic Factors: Genetic abnormalities or chromosomal disorders can impact fertility in both partners. These genetic factors may affect sperm or egg quality, embryo development, or the ability of the embryo to implant in the uterus.
  7. Environmental Factors: Exposure to environmental toxins, pollutants, and chemicals can affect fertility in both men and women. Pesticides, heavy metals, radiation, and certain industrial chemicals may disrupt reproductive function and reduce fertility.
  8. Unexplained Infertility: In some cases, despite extensive testing, the cause of infertility remains unknown. This can be frustrating for couples, as there may be no clear explanation for why conception has not occurred.

Overall, infertility can result from a combination of factors, and it often requires thorough evaluation and treatment by healthcare professionals specializing in reproductive medicine. By addressing underlying causes and implementing appropriate interventions, many couples can overcome infertility and achieve their goal of starting a family.

Causes of Infertility in Men

Additionally, here are some common causes of male infertility:

  1. Low Sperm Count (Oligospermia): One of the primary causes of male infertility is having a low sperm count. This condition occurs when the semen ejaculated during intercourse contains fewer sperm than normal, reducing the likelihood of fertilizing an egg.
  2. Poor Sperm Motility (Asthenospermia): Sperm motility refers to the ability of sperm to move effectively through the female reproductive tract to reach and fertilize an egg. Poor sperm motility can hinder this process and contribute to male infertility.
  3. Abnormal Sperm Morphology (Teratospermia): Sperm morphology refers to the size, shape, and structure of sperm cells. Abnormalities in sperm morphology can make it difficult for sperm to penetrate and fertilize an egg, leading to infertility.
  4. Erectile Dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. Men with ED may have difficulty ejaculating or may be unable to ejaculate during intercourse, which can impact fertility.
  5. Varicocele: A varicocele is a swelling of the veins that drain the testicle, similar to varicose veins that occur in the legs. Varicoceles can disrupt blood flow to the testicles and raise the temperature in the scrotum, which can impair sperm production and quality.
  6. Hormonal Imbalances: Imbalances in hormones such as testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin can affect sperm production and fertility. Hormonal disorders, such as hypogonadism or hyperprolactinemia, can contribute to male infertility.
  7. Genetic Factors: Genetic abnormalities, such as chromosomal disorders like Klinefelter syndrome or Y chromosome deletions, can impact sperm production and function, leading to infertility.
  8. Obstruction of Reproductive Tract: Blockages or obstructions in the male reproductive tract can prevent sperm from being ejaculated or reaching the semen. This can be caused by conditions such as congenital abnormalities, infections, or previous surgeries.
  9. Environmental Factors: Exposure to environmental toxins, radiation, heavy metals, pesticides, and chemicals can impair sperm production and quality, increasing the risk of male infertility.
  10. Lifestyle Factors: Unhealthy lifestyle habits such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, obesity, and stress can negatively impact sperm production and fertility in men.

Addressing these specific causes of male infertility often involves medical evaluation, lifestyle modifications, and sometimes assisted reproductive techniques such as intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Causes of Infertility in Women

These are some common causes of female infertility:

  1. Ovulation Disorders: Irregular or absent ovulation is a leading cause of female infertility. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypothalamic dysfunction, and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) can disrupt the ovulation process and hinder conception.
  2. Blocked Fallopian Tubes: Blockages or obstructions in the fallopian tubes can prevent the sperm from reaching the egg or hinder the fertilized egg from traveling to the uterus for implantation. Causes of blocked fallopian tubes include pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), endometriosis, and previous pelvic surgeries.
  3. Endometriosis: Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, often on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or other pelvic organs. Endometrial implants can cause inflammation, scarring, and adhesions, which may interfere with ovulation, fertilization, or implantation.
  4. Uterine Fibroids: Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop in the uterus. Depending on their size and location, fibroids can interfere with implantation or disrupt the normal functioning of the uterus, leading to infertility or pregnancy complications.
  5. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): PID is an infection of the female reproductive organs, usually caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia or gonorrhea. PID can cause scarring and damage to the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and uterus, resulting in infertility.
  6. Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR): Diminished ovarian reserve refers to a decrease in the quantity or quality of eggs in the ovaries. Women with DOR may have fewer eggs available for ovulation, making it more difficult to conceive, especially as they age.
  7. Structural Abnormalities of the Uterus: Structural abnormalities of the uterus, such as uterine septum, adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome), or congenital anomalies, can interfere with implantation or increase the risk of pregnancy loss.
  8. Hormonal Imbalances: Imbalances in hormone levels, such as those associated with thyroid disorders, pituitary disorders, or conditions like hyperprolactinemia, can disrupt ovulation and menstrual cycles, leading to infertility.
  9. Autoimmune Disorders: Certain autoimmune conditions, such as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) or autoimmune thyroiditis, can affect fertility by interfering with implantation or increasing the risk of recurrent miscarriages.
  10. Age-related Decline in Fertility: Advanced maternal age is associated with a decline in fertility due to a decrease in the quantity and quality of eggs. As women age, the likelihood of conceiving naturally decreases, and the risk of pregnancy complications, such as miscarriage and chromosomal abnormalities, increases.

Addressing these specific causes of female infertility often involves medical evaluation, lifestyle modifications, and sometimes assisted reproductive techniques such as ovulation induction, intrauterine insemination (IUI), or in vitro fertilization (IVF).

What Are the Fertility Treatment Options?

The good news is that the majority of people seeking fertility treatments have numerous options, all of which are, for the most part, successful.

You might notice that there are more drugs listed for women than men. This is because it is far easier to stimulate the ovary to produce eggs than to increase the sperm count in men.

But it is important to understand that you need to get help for your overall fertility issues, not only for infertility in women. So if a couple does have fertility problems, then you should check both male and female fertility.

Men should also have a thorough discussion with their doctor about their family history and other risk factors for male infertility. If they have not received a diagnosis, then they may need to see a genetic counselor. They will have an ultrasound (a non-invasive X-ray) to check semen volume, sperm count and motility. If they are below the level of normal, then the doctor may recommend testing sperm cells for mutations.

Fertility Treatments Available to Women

  1. Follicle Stimulating Hormone Drugs

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is a natural hormone that is produced by the body. This hormone causes an egg to mature and a follicle to form around the egg. In the same way FSH works, this drug promotes ovulation.

For women whose ovaries work but whose eggs have difficulties with maturation. If you suffer from premature ovarian failure, this drug is not for you.

The medication may not work for all women with premature ovarian failure. If you are taking Follicle Stimulating Hormone and have been told by your doctor that you are not on the right regimen for you, you may want to consider a different form of hormone replacement therapy.

  1. Clomiphene

This is the most common selective estrogen receptor modulating drug. It works on the pituitary gland to stimulate the production of FSH.

This drug is a good choice for those who have PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) or for women whose ovaries don’t always release eggs on a monthly basis.

Also, Clomiphene may be an option for women who are experiencing menstrual irregularity or who have irregular cycles.

However, you should be aware of Clomiphene side effects:

  • Clomiphene can cause weight gain.
  • Clomiphene can cause heart problems.
  • Clomiphene may be a cause of osteoporosis.
  1. Recombinant Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

Commonly known as r-hCG, this drug is given by injection only. You will take an FSH drug first, then given this injection on the last dose of the FSH. This drug is only available, at this time, under the brand name Ovidrel.

  1. Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonists

GnRH antagonists are commonly given to women who are going to undergo IVF (in-vitro fertilization). This drug works by preventing the body from producing FSH. FSH encourages the body to release eggs spontaneously. By keeping eggs in the ovaries, they can mature properly so they can be harvested for IVF.

  1. Human Menopausal Gonadotropin

Don’t let the word menopausal fool you. This is a combination of FSH and LH, which is used for women who have healthy ovaries, but for unknown reasons, do not produce mature eggs. This is given as a subcutaneous (under the skin) injection. So, this drug is not suitable for women with premature ovarian failure.

  1. Natural Infertility Treatment for Women

Clinical studies demonstrate that natural infertility treatment for women improves fertility levels and increase chances to conceive.

However, this natural method of infertility treatment is not effective in all women and many women experience side effects.

The most common side effects of natural fertility treatment include hot flashes, breast tenderness, breast enlargement, and vaginal dryness. These side effects usually resolve within 2–3 days.

Fertility Treatments Available for Men

  1. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

This compound occurs naturally in women, but not men. When given to men via injection, Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) boosts testosterone levels, which increases sperm count.

That’s because testosterone stimulates the production of semen cells, the primary purpose of which is to create new sperm. If you have low levels of hCG, you will see a decreased count of sperm in your semen.

  1. Follicle- Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

FSH sounds as if it is for women only, but men also produce this hormone to stimulate the production of sperm. Unlike women, men need to be given this hormone via subcutaneous (under the skin) injection.

  1. Natural Infertility Treatment for Men

The all-natural formula found in a natural infertility treatment for men can increase sperm count, improve overall reproductive health and enhance male fertility.

While most treatments for male fertility involve taking synthetic male hormones and taking in artificial progesterone, natural infertility treatment is based on the principles of safe and natural approach.

This natural infertility treatment is the result of over 25 years of scientific research and has been clinically shown to have a positive impact on male fertility.

This all natural fertility treatment has a great track record of effectiveness, as it has been used by thousands of men who have experienced positive results.


References

Fertility treatment options https://www.babycentre.co.uk/a4089/fertility-treatment-options
Natural infertility treatment for men https://men-infertility.com/pills.php
Natural infertility treatment for women https://women-infertility.com/pills.php

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One thought on “How to Find Fertility Treatment Options for Both Men and Women?”

  1. i have been trying to get pregnant for over 5 years now. My husband and I have been seeing a fertility specialist. We have done our best but no luck.
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